How does a liquid crystal display work?

2022-06-16

Here we are going to introduce how a liquid crystal display works, enable you to get to know more comprehensive understanding of LCD monitors.
  

First of all, we have to have a white light source that vibrates in all directions. Pass it through a linear polarizing plate to linearly polarized light that vibrates only in one direction and linearly polarized light is what turns natural light into linearly polarized light and in this case, less than 50% of the original light wave passes through the polarizing plate and then enters a birefringent medium that has a slow axis and a fast axis. As the light wave enters this medium, there will be a component along the slow axis and a component along the fast axis and as the light wave passes through this medium, we will see the rotation of the polarization plane that we talked about earlier Light before entering the dielectric polarization plane is the direction of the linear polarized piece, but due to the LCD with characteristics of birefringent effect, when it sent out before the liquid crystal layer, Its plane of polarization has been rotated by the liquid crystal. By now, if another segment of the liquid crystal has an optically called a polarizer, part of the light will be absorbed.


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It is also possible to divide a light wave into two components perpendicular to each other, one parallel to the direction of the polarizer and the other perpendicular to it. Of course, the component perpendicular to the direction of the bias detector is absorbed, while another component passes the bias detector. From this we get a light wave that passes through a second polarizer, which vibrates in the same direction as the initial vibration plane, but because the part is absorbed, its amplitude is reduced.TFT lcd Module   / IPS TFT Lcd Screen 

It can be seen that if we find a way to modulate the angle of rotation of the light wave in the liquid crystal layer to 90 °, then the light wave will be completely absorbed at the second polarizer, which looks like a dark field from the outside. If the polarized surface of the light wave is not rotated at all, it will completely pass through the second polarizer, which looks like a bright field from the outside. Controlling the rotation angle of the polarization surface is the liquid crystal layer with birefringent properties, which is the arrangement of the liquid crystal layer relative to the direction of light wave propagation.


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